Juran’s quality handbook

Joseph M. Juran, co-editor-in-chief, A. Blanton Godfrey, co-editor-in-chief. — 5th ed.p. cm.Previous eds. published under title: Juran’s quality control handbook.Includes indexes.ISBN 0-07-034003-X1. Quality control—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Juran, J. M.(Joseph M.), date. II. Godfrey, A. Blanton. III. Title:Quality handbook. IV. Title: Quality control handbook.TS156.Q3618 1998658.5'62—dc21 98-43311CIP

PREFACE TO THE FIFTH EDITION
In the preface to the Fourth Edition of this handbook, Dr. Juran commented on the events of the fourdecades between signing the contract for the First Edition of this handbook (1945) and the publicationof the Fourth Edition (1988). He noted the growth of the handbook itself—in circulation and instatus—and the parallel growth of importance of quality in society generally. The growth was attributableto the increasing complexity of products and the systems in which they participate, and,because of our increasing dependence on these systems, to the unprecedented potential for disruptionwhen these products fail. This threat (and its occasional frightening fulfillment) is what he longago identified as “life behind the quality dikes.”In the decade that has passed since the Fourth Edition, the importance of quality has continued togrow rapidly. To some extent, that growth is due in part to the continuing growth in complexity ofproducts and systems, society’s growing dependence on them, and, thus, society’s growing dependenceon those “quality dikes.” But the main impetus for the growing importance of quality in thepast decade has been the realization of the critical role quality plays as the key to competitive successin the increasingly globalized business environment. Upper managers now understand muchmore clearly the importance of quality—convinced by the threat of the consequences of product failure,by the rapid shift of power to the buyers and by the demands of global competition in costs,performance, and service.As the importance of achieving quality has sunk in, the quest to learn how to achieve it has grownalso. The emergence in the United States of America of the Malcolm Baldrige National QualityAward, and its many offspring at the state level, have promoted the development of quality by providinga comprehensive, home-grown organizational model for the achievement of quality, and byopening to view organizations that have applied this model successfully. It is difficult to overstate theimportance of these models of excellence in the promotion of quality practice over the past decade.They have provided managers at all levels with evidence that “it can be done here,” and, more important,they have provided in unusual detail, roadmaps of how it was done. In Europe, the EuropeanQuality Award and its offspring have provided much the same motive power to the quality movementthat the Baldrige Award has provided in the United States.The mounting success of quality in the industrial sector has caused recognition of the importanceof quality to spread throughout manufacturing industries, the traditional home ground of qualityideas and applications, and beyond to the service sector, government, and non-profit enterprises. Inthis regard, we are especially pleased to welcome the contribution on quality in government of VicePresident of the United States Al Gore.In recognition of these changes, the editors have made some fundamental changes in this handbook.1. We have changed the name from Juran’s Quality Control Handbook, to Juran’s QualityHandbook. The new name signals the change in emphasis from quality control, traditionally theconcern of those working on the manufacturing floor, to an emphasis on the managementof quality generally, a concern of managers throughout an organization.2. We have changed the structure to reflect the new emphasis on managing quality. The FifthEdition has 48 sections, arranged in five groups: Managerial, Functional, Industry,International, and Statistical.
The revision has not consisted merely of rearrangement. Once again, as in the Fourth Edition, thecontent of this edition has has undergone extensive editing and updating. There are many entirelynew sections on new subjects. There are total rewrites of other sections. And there are many newadditions of case studies, examples and other material even to the few “classic sections.” An editorialundertaking of this scope and magnitude would be unthinkable without the help and support of anumber of our colleagues and friends.The founding editor of the handbook, Joseph M. Juran, has placed his unmistakable stamp ofvision and clarity on this new edition—the fifth in which he has played a guiding role—by his contributionsto its planning and, more directly, in the six major sections that he authored. My associationwith him since I joined Juran Institute in 1987 has provided a deep and rewarding explorationof the evolving field of quality management. Sharing the position of Editor-in-Chief of the presentvolume has been a part of that experience.Our Associate Editors, Edward Schilling and Robert Hoogstoel, shared the major literary anddiplomatic burden of helping the contributors create handbook sections that would at once revealtheir individual subject-matter expertise and would mesh smoothly with the other sections to makea coherent and useful desk reference, in the long tradition of this book. Ed Schilling editedSections 44 through 48, those concerned with mathematical statistics and related applications;Bob Hoogstoel edited most of the remaining sections and provided overall coordination of theeditorial effort.The grounding in practical experience which has characterized earlier editions of this book isstrengthened further in this edition by the examples provided by the numerous managers who haveshared their experiences on the quality journey through their presentations at Juran Institute’s annualIMPRO conferences, workshops and seminars. We also wish to acknowledge the generous support ofJuran Institute, Inc. throughout this endeavor. Many of the figures and charts come straight from JuranInstitute publications and files, many others were created with support from people and facilities withinthe Institute.Among the many colleagues at Juran Institute who have made major exertions on behalf of thisbook, Josette Williams stands out. Her own editorial and publishing experience have sharpened hersense of what goes and what doesn’t, a sense she shared willingly. Jo provided a comforting presenceas she managed the flow of correspondence with the contributors, and helped the editors enormouslyby performing calmly and expertly as liaison with the publisher astride the flow of manuscripts, thecounterflow of page proofs, and the publisher’s myriad last-minute questions of detail and the manuscripttweakings by contributors. Jo went far beyond the usual bounds of the responsibilities of anassistant editor. She worked closely with authors, editors, the publisher, and others in making thisedition happen. Her style and grasp of language and clarity of expression are present in almost everysection. This handbook owes much to her dedication, focus, and thousands of hours of hard work.Fran Milberg played a major role in preparing the manuscript for submission. My Executive Assistant,Jenny Edwards, frequently found her considerable workload in that job added to by the sudden, oftenunpredictable demands associated with the preparation of the manuscript, answering authors’ questions,and keeping me on track. It was too much to ask of a normal person, but Jenny, as always, roseto the occasion, for which I am most grateful. Many others among the Juran Institute support staffhelped at various stages of manuscript preparation, including: Laura Sutherland, Jane Gallagher,Marilyn Maher, and Carole Wesolowski. In the early stages of organizing for this effort we were gratefulfor the assistance of Sharon Davis and Rosalie Kaye. Special thanks go to Hank Williams whospent hours at the copier and many other hours helping Josette make sure manuscripts were sent ontime to all the right places.It would be unfair (and unwise) to omit mention of those closest to the contributors and editorsof this book, the wives and husbands whose personal plans had occasionally to be put on hold infavor of work on the book. Larry Bernstein and C.M.Yuhas sidestepped the problem by makingSection 20, Software Development, a family project, as is their joint consultancy. Other contributorsno doubt were faced with dealing with the inevitable impingement on family life in their ownways. As for the editors, we unite to thank our wives for their support in this endeavor: Dr. Juran’swife of 73 years, known to him as “Babs,” and to the rest of us as a gracious inspiration and
Editorial Assistant Emerita of the first three editions of this book and numerous of his earlierbooks and papers; Judy Godfrey, now a survivor of three books; Jean Schilling, a veteran editor ofher husband’s earlier publications and who has been patient and supportive in this effort; and JewelHoogstoel, for whom the answer to her persistent question is “It is done.”We hope they will sharethe editors’ mutual sense of accomplishment.
A. BLANTON GODFREYCo-Editor-in-Chief